Organization Behavior and Business Communication

Question: Talk about the Organization Behavior and Business Communication and distinguish the accepted procedures of the organization and build up a model. Answer: Presentation The accompanying area is going to make an inside and out audit of differed literary works in regards to inner correspondences that influence hierarchical structure just as culture. All the more unequivocally, the accompanying talk will choose an individual association, which has conspicuous inside correspondence methodologies and hierarchical structure. It is required to make reference to here that the picked point for the paper has been association structure and plan with regards to inner correspondence. The intention will be here to distinguish any ongoing changes going inside the chose association and perceive a specific issues with respect to the reason of hierarchical interior correspondence and authoritative structure. With the assistance of stressing on existing models, ideas and hypothetical recognitions in regards to interior correspondence and authoritative structure, the current paper will build up a calculated model of inward correspondence. In this unique situation, it i s huge to make reference to that the prime goal of building up a reasonable model of inward correspondence and authoritative structure is to fathom the recognized issues or troubles that the considered association is directly experiencing in the field of partner or inside correspondence. Subsequently, so as to achieve the previously mentioned reason, the paper has picked the Australian mammoth retailer Woolworths. Following the previously mentioned objective, the paper will set up an intelligent justification for choosing the thought about association and from that point will expound the foundation data of Woolworths. Simultaneously, current hierarchical practice and late changes occurring in the endeavor will likewise be accentuated and assessed. Through along these lines, the paper would recognize and mean issues in regards to inner correspondence lastly will cumulate all the fundamental hypothetical underpinnings with respect to interior correspondence. The paper will at last finished in making a calculated and helpful model for moderating the authoritative issues. In this regard, it ought to be referenced that the expression interior correspondence is known to be a transmission of hierarchical data between authoritative partners (Argenti, 2015). Foundation data and late changes in Woolworths Among different associations with retail intrigue, Woolworths is known to be the best. The endeavor is considered as the second biggest association by the pace of income in Australia. In the market, the main likely contender of Woolworths is known to be the Perth-based aggregate Wesfarmers. Then again, it has been discovered that Woolworths has effectively won the spot of biggest takeaway alcohol store in the region. As far as size, the association has the quantity of representative of 202,000 and the gross income of the association until 2016 has been a$59 billion (woolworthsgroup.com.au, 2017). The glory of Woolworths activity isn't just constrained to market retailing, as the association has stores of Petrol, alcohol, general product, lodging and betting and home improvement (Bolton, 2015). It has been discovered that the association has in excess of 3000 stores with in excess of 29 million clients over the world. In this regard, it is fundamental to specify that the associations culture and strategies are to a great extent affected by the associations objective or crucial success the situation of being number one over every single other brand (woolworthsgroup.com.au, 2017). Following the specific authoritative objective, the association has confidence in making a very much incorporated group of inward partners. The association accepts that it is basic to secure help of the colleagues and providers first preceding coordinate help of the clients (King Thobela, 2014). Most fundamentally, the association accepts that to evade the opposition, it is important to improve the shopping experience of the objective market and in this manner group center is something that the association wants to achieve through their authoritative structure. As of now, the considered association is experiencing some noteworthy changes in the association structure as the association has as of late utilized Brad Banducci for the post of overseeing executive. Because of administrative changes, the association has fused changes in inside correspondence methodology as far as authoritative basic change. The association has recently confronted issues with respect to ineffectively kept up hierarchical structure and interior correspondence (Spillan Ling, 2015). In any case, following the fabulous administrative change in the undertaking, the association has changed the current method of interior correspondence and has chosen to turn out to be more client driven. By the by, it ought to be meant that as far as change, the association is making arrangements for upgrading the prize or devotion programs for its clients. Justification for choosing Woolworths The retail mammoth Woolworths has been picked because of the explanation that the association is at present experiencing a few changes in the associations structure because of initiative changes and high income and offer market misfortune. In this manner, the thought about point, which is authoritative structure and plan perhaps, has a relationship with the thought about associations current circumstance. Then again, it is state that interior correspondence alludes to effective transmission of data among the inner partners, which can't be productively practiced without an appropriate and all around kept up hierarchical structure and plan. Naturally, the association is experiencing shaky state of inward correspondence too. Be that as it may, another purpose behind considering the retail association Woolworths is, rather than enduring a drawn out administrative insecurity, Woolworthss income edge and brand acknowledgment is as yet keeping up its situation to be the second market pioneer in the market front of Australian after Wesfarmers. In this way, interior correspondence issues and its effect on the authoritative structure of an association like Woolworths, which has as of late experienced enormous administration changes is defended. Practice of Woolworths with respect to authoritative structure Before expound the current authoritative structure and interior specialized strategy for the thought about association Woolworths, it is fundamental to bring up that for goliath worldwide associations like Woolworths, it is basic to break the association in a few sections and circulate the duties similarly (woolworthsholdings.co.za, 2017). It has been discovered that the considered undertaking Woolworths has been on a very basic level after the progressive or divisional hierarchical structure. According to the explanation that in divisional or various leveled hierarchical structure, obligations of an association are dispersed to a few divisions albeit each subordinate gathering work under one individual head or authority. Nonetheless, in this regard it is fundamental to indicate that sadly in divisional authoritative structure, an association can't effectively achieve a prosperous correspondence with all the inward partners (woolworthsgroup.com.au, 2017). The purpose for such conceiv able condition is that laborers in shifted divisions don't cooperate. In any case, for a monster worldwide association like Woolworths, fundamentally it very well may be said that choice of the various leveled or divisional authoritative structure is useful according to the explanation that the undertaking works in a huge geological zone. Tragically now the greater part of the business pundits are reprimanding the individual association structure of Woolworths to be the fundamental blemish of the endeavor for expanding the sickness of the executives practice. Current inner correspondence of Woolworths and its issues Following the authoritative structure of Woolworths, it very well may be in this manner said that the associations long haul issue of inadequately oversaw administration and correspondence defect is legitimate as justifiably, following the divisional structure, the association couldn't have appropriately sought after a well-suited interior correspondence. By the by, it has been recognized that in term of seeking after hierarchical correspondence among the inner partners, the retail goliath Woolworths has been thinking about utilizing corporate intranet, pamphlets, group gatherings and authority email (woolworthsholdings.co.za, 2017). Rather than these proper methods of inside correspondence, as per the current authoritative act of Woolworths, the association conducts individuals overview and correspondence discussions with the workers. It has been discovered that for individual interior partners, Woolworths has kept various arrangements of inner correspondence strategies and techniqu es. All the more decisively, it has been recognized that for incorporating correspondence with the specialist co-ops or the representatives and individual temporary workers, according to the current practice, the association shares applicable data just as pull critical inputs. The association seeks after that through both formal and casual and verbal correspondence. Further, it has been distinguished that Woolworths seeks after continuous immediate just as backhanded correspondence commitment through electronic and composed correspondence (woolworthsholdings.co.za, 2017). Then again, in type of another piece of authoritative inward correspondence, the organization utilizes yearly comprehensive gatherings, audit of the half-yearly examiners results, investigators meeting in recorded structure, site updates and manageability report to speak with their partners. The point behind drawing in investors in the inside correspondence is to secure precise desire from them and to take

Elegy Written in a Coutry Churchyard Essay Example for Free

Funeral poem Written in a Coutry Churchyard Essay Q1. Talk about Gray as a transitional writer with extraordinary reference to ‘Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard’. The period 1730-1770 imprints the start from a development from one unmistakable period of English verse towards another .The artists were getting continuously depleted with the neoclassical morals of clearness, reason, complexity, and decorum, its monetary wording, ,justification and mind. In the artistic circle can be seen the approach of The Romanticism which anyway usually started with the distribution of ‘’Lyrical Ballads ‘’in 1798 which was a stylish disobedience to the rule of the popular convention of the eighteenth century Neoclassicism. These artists of this crossroads William Blake, Thomas Gray, and Robert Burns are trapped in neoclassic composition and the Romantic Age, are hence fittingly known as the Transitional artists. Dim has a place with the age (1716-1771) in which he was conceived just as messengers the beginning of another time in poetry.â€he crossed over the bay. In spite of the fact that he held a portion of the Neo-old style highlights like customary wonderful expression and structures, he supported more liberated structures and bolder language. His verse lectured an arrival to nature, legitimate opinion, however he shared the instruction of the Neoclassicism. In this way he makes a stately blend of logical inconsistencies . The main element of the Classical verse which Gray acquired was the continuous inclination to be pedantic and philosophical. S. A. Brooke appropriately brings up that Gray’s verse was excessively weighted with moral reflections. His pointed admonishing are very typical in ‘’Elegy’’. While praising the basic natural life, Gray cautions glad and aspiring individuals not to giggle at the low dark social situation of poor people. ‘’Let not Ambition mock their helpful drudge, Their plain delights, and predetermination cloud; Nor Grandeur hear with a derisive grin The short and basic chronicles of the poor.’’ Despite the fact that the unassuming rustics drove a dark life they may have been far more joyful than the bombastic nobles. With a grave tone of lecturing Gray praises Death as a definitive leveler â€the pride of the capable, the brilliance of the compelling ,the gift of magnificence can't spare a man from the lethal fate. Demise and blankness are a definitive finish of diminutive human life. ‘’The gloat of heraldry, the grandeur of pow’r, And such excellence, all that riches e’er gave, Anticipates the same th’ unavoidable hour. The ways of wonder lead yet to the grave’’. The bleak moralizer additionally maintains the unhonoured and overlooked demise of the rustics by repeating that that neither flawless landmarks nor enlivened sculptures imply anything noteworthy as not the slightest bit life and essentialness can be reestablished to the body. Dim even lectures about the grim and despicable response the humans show at the hour of his takeoff from this short lived world. Life is to each of the an opposing encounter of inconsistencies , yet no one jumps at the chance to stop this world and at the hour of death throws a drawn out and remorseful l and thoughtful look behind. Independent of his height everybody fears obscurity of which passing is the harbinger. Neoclassical verse gloats of a cognizant utilization of lavish lovely lingual authority . They were exceptionally careful to separate the language of verse from the naã ¯ve language of exposition. Dim likewise uncovers the impact of his age in his able affection for expository articulation, traditional counterfeit expressiveness and dexterous perception of meter. With splendid utilization of embodiment and illustration Gray at the very beginning depicts the dusk at the town similarly as the tolling of the check in time chime declares the demise of an individual so additionally the ringing of the night ringer assign the passing of a day. ‘’The check in time tolls the ring of separating day’’. What follows is a notorious utilization of the saying ‘’Transferred Epithet’’-‘’The cultivator toward home trudges his fatigued way,’’ Rhetorics like embodiments and Synecdoche are in splendid use when Gray utilizes the theoretical to represent the solid to stress that the people of aspiration and glory ought not chuckle at the straightforward archives of poor people. ‘’Let not Ambition mock their valuable drudge, Their simple delights, and predetermination darken; Nor Grandeur hear with a scornful grin The short and straightforward chronicles of the poor.’’ Dim retreats to ‘’ Interrogation’’ to emphasize the unprofitability of unrestrained presentation of disappointment after deathâ€â€˜â€™Can celebrated urn or enlivened bust Back to its house call the temporary breath?’’ Metaphors swarm helter skelter when Gray looks at the squandered virtuoso of the village to the most brilliant gemâ confined in the ocean cavern or charming bloom confined in the desert. People represent their individual class when Gray derives that what these rustics could have accomplished , whenever supported by fortune. ‘’Some quiet ignoble Milton here may rest, Some Cromwell guiltless of his country’s blood.’’ Aversion (‘inevitable hour’),Onomatopoeia(‘the lowing herd’) and Alliteration (‘brook that chatters by’)are frequently used to make the most extreme powerful intrigue. Therefore the sonnet bears the unquestionable impression of the Augustan or pseudo-Classical school of verse. The nobility of articulation and the respectability of artistic borrowings improve his neo-Classical disposition. In any case, Gray is an antecedent of Romanticism and his Elegy shows how he would in general break with the Classical convention. Presently here is extravagance ofâ emotion, festivity of majority rule drive and a greatness despairing which make the Elegy a splendid â€Å"reconciliation of opposites’’. Pope in his ‘’Essay on Man’’ talks about limiting the field of writing just to the modern urbanized individuals where as the Romantics commends the law based drive. Wordsworth in his ‘Preface to the Lyrical ballads†(1800) states that his standard is ‘’to pick occurrences and circumstance of normal life and to relate or portray them all through †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. Dim additionally brings out thoughtfully the records of the locals who had a basic existence far away from the wild eyed furor of the advanced urban individuals and who are not administered by desire and aspiration. With a rebellious certainty he evens out the brilliant and the shameful. C. J. Weber is correct ‘’Gray’s exceptional and brave act lay in his tending to his funeral poem to the memory not of rulers however of humble laborers covered in now-ignored graves in the wake of leading existences of hard-gave toil’’. Like ‘The Seasons’, ‘Elegy’ is set in an unassuming rural nature foundation. It is a noble get back to go to nature. As Wordsworth favored ‘the episodes and circumstance of humble life’, the absolute first verse makes a whiff of outside air to blow through the stifling air of contemporary verse, however the Wordsworthian reverence of Nature is out and out missing here. On the off chance that Romanticism is characterized as the ‘Renaissance of marvel, in his ‘Elegy’ ,as in his ‘The Bard’, or ‘The progress of Poesy’ there are looks at assessment and feeling. The artist becomes nostalgic while depicting the rest of the dead which is endless to such an extent that the smell and gabbing of morning or new energetic breeze won't wake them up. Rather than taking into account dry explanation and rationale Gray enjoys extravagant and conjectures that a portion of these rustics may have in their humble way,like Hampden opposed the abuse of the oppression or bore in their heart the idyllic craze of Miltonâ€but everything is lost. The ‘Elegy’ is shaded by unobtrusive feeling of despairing and desolate note. An agonizing pity overwhelms the sonnet when Gray composes with harshness that they are left to spoil in haziness in small churchyard while vainglorious colleagues rest under marble landmarks. The artist mourns the evil - karma and extraordinary neediness of these rustics which ruined the twist of their virtuoso. Extraordinarily exceptional is the verse XXII where Gray outlines the interminable human motivation of being recalled in the afterlife. Dim adventured forward into â€Å"unfamiliar regions in poetry’’ as he breathed life into back the utilization of the main individual particular, for instance â€Å"One morn I missed him on the customed hill†¦.’’ which had been â€Å"considered a savageness by eighteenth century norm.† Romanticism,it can be referenced , is ‘egotistical sublime’. Along these lines ‘’Elegy’’ showed up at a moment that the change was noticeable all around, however had not totally shown up. Along these lines Gray’s verse is milestone in the artistic history of England. It is an embodiment of the progressions that were coming over the writing towards the end of the eighteenth century. The ‘Elegy’ consummately represents the contention between the Classic and the Romantic thoughts and a definitive triumph of Romanticism; after all‘’The old request changes yielding spot to new’’.

Youth Feedback for Youth Problems Essay Example for Free

Youth Feedback for Youth Problems Essay Notwithstanding guideline, underage understudies in universities around the country think that its simple to devour liquor and are probably going to hit the bottle hard. What are the suggestions? What is the job of formal control? Maybe the most ideal approach to respond to these inquiries is to present them to the youthful network manufacturers who might know about the most ideal approaches to help their companions that are participating in ruinous practices (Finn Checkoway, 1998). Hard-core boozing and medication use are extremely basic among youthful grown-ups, including understudies. In actuality, youngsters are additionally confronting desperate outcomes of substance maltreatment with falling evaluations, plastered driving mishaps, lewd behavior, and savagery. Obviously, society sees this as a difficult issue, and analysts are attempting to comprehend substance maltreatment among youthful grown-ups before they can would like to give assistance to the people concerned. This exertion with respect to scientists depends on the reason that we can't take care of an issue before we comprehend the idea of the issue. Here enters the significance of the youthful network developers: they can without much of a stretch disclose to social specialists the idea of the issues looked by their young companions. By understanding the issues inside and out, social government assistance laborers might just end up in the situation to uncover them. Youthful people group manufacturers must, hence, be viewed as a network asset that social government assistance laborers should utilize. Youngsters are not just ready to all the more likely comprehend the issues of the adolescent, yet they are additionally ready to propose arrangements. Besides, these youthful aides can help social government assistance associations focus on the genuine needs of the young by giving vital data that would inevitably profit all individuals. References Finn, J. L. , Checkoway, B. (1998). Youngsters as Competent Community Builders: A Challenge to Social Work. National Association of Social Workers, Inc.

Democracy in American History essays

Majority rules system in American History expositions There are numerous occasions in United Stated history that demonstrate majority rule government had worked in this nation. I examined five distinct models in American history where the American individuals got what they needed. The five things I decide to talk about are the battle for womans casting a ballot rights, Civil rights development, Prohibition, Education, and Gay and lesbian rights. Winning Suffrage, the option to cast a ballot, had been a focal point of lady reformers since the Seneca Falls show in 1848. Lady have attempted numerous things however out American history to pick up lady casting a ballot rights. Lady have tested the fourteenth amendment and pushed for an alteration to let them vote however this didn't work until the 1900s. Individuals like Carrie Chapmen Catt sorted out panels to help push for the alteration. At long last in 1919 the nineteenth amendment was sanctioned, following 72 years of work the lady got what they merited. In the 1873 numerous individuals needed denial which is the forbidding of selling mixed drinks. Boards of trustees like the Woman Christian Temperance Union established in 1873 advanced denial. In any case, by the mid 1920s just 20 percent of the American individuals upheld forbiddance since it expanded the crime percentage. So in 1933 it was canceled by the 21st amendment. Instruction was another issue that mixed people groups worry about the eventual fate of there youngsters. In 1963 a presidential commission gave a report on instruction entitled A country in danger. The report demonstrated American schools scores lingered behind those of different countries schools. It likewise demonstrated that a normal multi year old couldn't tell Russia from Florida on a guide or round out an employment form. The commission suggested expanding school year , long school days , increment pay for educator , and accentuation on math and English. At last in 1991 President bramble declared striking new instruction activity called America 2000 which expressed that individuals can decide to send there kids to privat... <!

Blog Archive Stressed Out Meditate to Lower Your Anxiety and Boost Your GMAT Score

Blog Archive Stressed Out Meditate to Lower Your Anxiety and Boost Your GMAT Score With regard to the GMAT, raw intellectual horsepower helps, but it is not everything.  Manhattan Prep’s  Stacey Koprince  teaches you how to perform at your best on test day by using some common sense. Are you feeling overwhelmingly stressed out when you sit down to study for the GMAT?  Do you find that concentrating on the task at hand is difficult? Researchers at the University of California at Santa Barbara published the results of a study following 48 undergrads preparing for the GRE. Jan Hoffman  details the research in a blog post  at  the  New York Times. The motivation for the study “We had already found that mind-wandering underlies performance on a variety of tests, including working memory capacity and intelligence,” said Michael D. Mrazek in the  NYT  blog post. We have all had this experience. We are taking a test, the clock is ticking, and we keep finding ourselves thinking about something other than the question we are supposed to be answering at that moment. Maybe we are stressing about our score. Maybe we are thinking about applications. Maybe we are even distracted by work, significant others, family, or other issues that have nothing to do with the test! How do we stop fixating on other things and concentrate on the task at hand? This study tried to find out. The study First, the students were given some “baseline” tests, including one verbal reasoning section from the GRE (yes, the GRE, not the GMAT). The students were then split into two groups. One group (group M) attended meditation classes four times a week; these students learned lessons on “mindfulness,” which focuses on breathing techniques and helps minimize distracting thoughts. The other group (group N) attended nutrition classes, designed to teach the students healthy eating habits. Afterward, the students did another GRE verbal section. The performance of students in group N stayed the same; the nutritional studies did not make a difference. Group M students, however, improved their GRE scores by an average of 12 percentile points! The students also reported (subjectively) that they were better able to concentrate the second time around; they felt that their minds wandered less than they had before. Here is the best part: the study took just two weeks. How did that happen? The students did not become smarter or learn (much) more in that time frame. Rather, the mindfulness techniques helped the students perform closer to their true potential by reducing negative thoughts or habits that were interfering with performance. Think how much better you could do if you could turn off, or at least minimize, all those distracting thoughts that interrupt you when you are trying to concentrate! How can I use this? That short, two-week time frame is both good news and bad news. The good news is that you can achieve results without having to study meditation for six months. The bad news is that we do not know whether this provides only a short-term boostâ€"the effects may fade over time. So let’s speculate that the effects will fade unless you keep up with a regular meditation schedule. Let’s also assume that most people are not going to make meditation a regular part of their daily life; most will try it for a time and then drop it. Here is what to do, then: Start learning some of these mindfulness techniques about eight weeks before you plan to take the test. Give yourself enough time to learn what to do, and then make these meditation sessions a part of your regular study schedule until you take the test. (If you would like to continue after that, great!) Here is a resource to get you started: the  Mindful Awareness Research Center  at UCLA. They offer free meditation lessons and podcasts. They also periodically offer a six-week online course (for a small fee, less than $200 at the time of this publication); in addition to the prerecorded classes, you will be able to take advantage of live chats with an instructor. If you would rather meet with someone in person, run a Google search to find someone in your area. Take a deep breath, exhale, and start learning how to minimize distractions and concentrate on the task at hand. Good luck! Share ThisTweet GMAT Blog Archive Stressed Out Meditate to Lower Your Anxiety and Boost Your GMAT Score With regard to the GMAT, raw intellectual horsepower helps, but it is not everything.  Manhattan Prep’s  Stacey Koprince  teaches you how to perform at your best on test day by using some common sense. Are you feeling overwhelmingly stressed out when you sit down to study for the GMAT?  Do you find that concentrating on the task at hand is difficult? Researchers at the University of California at Santa Barbara published the results of a study following 48 undergrads preparing for the GRE. Jan Hoffman  details the research in a blog post  at  the  New York Times. The motivation for the study “We had already found that mind-wandering underlies performance on a variety of tests, including working memory capacity and intelligence,” said Michael D. Mrazek in the  NYT  blog post. We have all had this experience. We are taking a test, the clock is ticking, and we keep finding ourselves thinking about something other than the question we are supposed to be answering at that moment. Maybe we are stressing about our score. Maybe we are thinking about applications. Maybe we are even distracted by work, significant others, family, or other issues that have nothing to do with the test! How do we stop fixating on other things and concentrate on the task at hand? This study tried to find out. The study First, the students were given some “baseline” tests, including one verbal reasoning section from the GRE (yes, the GRE, not the GMAT). The students were then split into two groups. One group (group M) attended meditation classes four times a week; these students learned lessons on “mindfulness,” which focuses on breathing techniques and helps minimize distracting thoughts. The other group (group N) attended nutrition classes, designed to teach the students healthy eating habits. Afterward, the students did another GRE verbal section. The performance of students in group N stayed the same; the nutritional studies did not make a difference. Group M students, however, improved their GRE scores by an average of 12 percentile points! The students also reported (subjectively) that they were better able to concentrate the second time around; they felt that their minds wandered less than they had before. Here is the best part: the study took just two weeks. How did that happen? The students did not become smarter or learn (much) more in that time frame. Rather, the mindfulness techniques helped the students perform closer to their true potential by reducing negative thoughts or habits that were interfering with performance. Think how much better you could do if you could turn off, or at least minimize, all those distracting thoughts that interrupt you when you are trying to concentrate! How can I use this? That short, two-week time frame is both good news and bad news. The good news is that you can achieve results without having to study meditation for six months. The bad news is that we do not know whether this provides only a short-term boostâ€"the effects may fade over time. So let’s speculate that the effects will fade unless you keep up with a regular meditation schedule. Let’s also assume that most people are not going to make meditation a regular part of their daily life; most will try it for a time and then drop it. Here is what to do, then: Start learning some of these mindfulness techniques about eight weeks before you plan to take the test. Give yourself enough time to learn what to do, and then make these meditation sessions a part of your regular study schedule until you take the test. (If you would like to continue after that, great!) Here is a resource to get you started: the  Mindful Awareness Research Center  at UCLA. They offer free meditation lessons and podcasts. They also periodically offer a six-week online course (for a small fee, less than $200 at the time of this publication); in addition to the prerecorded classes, you will be able to take advantage of live chats with an instructor. If you would rather meet with someone in person, run a Google search to find someone in your area. Take a deep breath, exhale, and start learning how to minimize distractions and concentrate on the task at hand. Good luck! Share ThisTweet GMAT Blog Archive Stressed Out Meditate to Lower Your Anxiety and Boost Your GMAT Score With regard to the GMAT, raw intellectual horsepower helps, but it is not everything. Manhattan Prep’s  Stacey Koprince  teaches you how to perform at your best on test day by using some common sense. Are you feeling overwhelmingly stressed out when you sit down to study for the GMAT?  Do you find that concentrating on the task at hand is difficult? Researchers at the University of California at Santa Barbara published the results of a study following 48 undergrads preparing for the GRE. Jan Hoffman  details the research in a blog post  at  the New York Times. The motivation for the study “We had already found that mind-wandering underlies performance on a variety of tests, including working memory capacity and intelligence,” said Michael D. Mrazek in the  NYT  blog post. We have all had this experience. We are taking a test, the clock is ticking, and we keep finding ourselves thinking about something other than the question we are supposed to be answering at that moment. Maybe we are stressing about our score. Maybe we are thinking about applications. Maybe we are even distracted by work, significant others, family, or other issues that have nothing to do with the test! How do we stop fixating on other things and concentrate on the task at hand? This study tried to find out. The study First, the students were given some “baseline” tests, including one verbal reasoning section from the GRE (yes, the GRE, not the GMAT). The students were then split into two groups. One group (group M) attended meditation classes four times a week; these students learned lessons on “mindfulness,” which focuses on breathing techniques and helps minimize distracting thoughts. The other group (group N) attended nutrition classes, designed to teach the students healthy eating habits. Afterward, the students did another GRE verbal section. The performance of students in group N stayed the same; the nutritional studies did not make a difference. Group M students, however, improved their GRE scores by an average of 12 percentile points! The students also reported (subjectively) that they were better able to concentrate the second time around; they felt that their minds wandered less than they had before. Here is the best part: the study took just two weeks. How did that happen? The students did not become smarter or learn (much) more in that time frame. Rather, the mindfulness techniques helped the students perform closer to their true potential by reducing negative thoughts or habits that were interfering with performance. Think how much better you could do if you could turn off, or at least minimize, all those distracting thoughts that interrupt you when you are trying to concentrate! How can I use this? That short, two-week time frame is both good news and bad news. The good news is that you can achieve results without having to study meditation for six months. The bad news is that we do not know whether this provides only a short-term boostâ€"the effects may fade over time. So let’s speculate that the effects will fade unless you keep up with a regular meditation schedule. Let’s also assume that most people are not going to make meditation a regular part of their daily life; most will try it for a time and then drop it. Here is what to do, then: Start learning some of these mindfulness techniques about eight weeks before you plan to take the test. Give yourself enough time to learn what to do, and then make these meditation sessions a part of your regular study schedule until you take the test. (If you would like to continue after that, great!) Here is a resource to get you started: the  Mindful Awareness Research Center  at UCLA. They offer free meditation lessons and podcasts. They also periodically offer a six-week online course (for a small fee, less than $200 at the time of this publication); in addition to the prerecorded classes, you will be able to take advantage of live chats with an instructor. If you would rather meet with someone in person, run a Google search to find someone in your area. Take a deep breath, exhale, and start learning how to minimize distractions and concentrate on the task at hand. Good luck! Share ThisTweet GMAT

Chosen People, or Coerced Patronage - Literature Essay Samples

The literature produced during the Puritan era was striking in its ever popular sermon format and its condescending tones. Authors like Jonathan Edwards and Michael Wigglesworth were not reluctant to use fear and intimidation to get their messages across. Wigglesworths The Day of Doom, and Edwards Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, include vivid imagery and crude descriptions of the mind-numbing path to righteousness. With themes relating to idealism, both political and religious, and the emphasis on practicality and piety, these Puritan writings are filled with elegiac verses and fiery allusions to make fear one of the driving forces to find God.Most Puritan works of literature were written to inspire the ideals of Puritan living. Puritans were children of a covenant; this gave them the purpose to write these biblical supplements. Just like people of any society or culture, the requirements and duties were a product of their beliefs, and the Puritans belief that they were Gods chosen people assumed it their duty to bring religion into the lives of those who seemed un-influenced.Jonathan Edwards was one of the many who felt it his duty as a Puritan author to use his abilities and knowledge to influence his readers. He stressed the emotional side of religion, believing that it was easier to experience emotional excitement than rational understanding. His writing made religion trans-colonial; breakdown of distinctions between church and creed, it encouraged the proliferation of sects which led to vagueness in doctrine, laxness in discipline, and faded into general religious indifference. It gave rise to a community organized in pursuit of secular values (Rueben Chap. 2). Edwards wanted people to feel God since God is not tangible; he thought it highly important to take in the love of God through emotions. The emotions he initiated in Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God were abrasive and harsh. He preached that Hell is gaping for them, the flames gather and flash about them, and would fain lay hold on them, and swallow them up; the fire pent up in their own hearts is struggling to break out (Perkins 235). Leaving people afraid, yet in awe, was one of the greatest ways for them to become conscious of the powers their God held.Just like Edwards, Wigglesworths powers of intimidation were unbeatable. The Puritans were so involved in religion that The Day of Doom was not only an amazing testament of their faith but was memorized and used for reference just as the Bible would have been. The overwhelming popularity of the poem suggests that most New England citizens considered themselves to be among the righteous, and the threatening tone only reinforced their faith (Warren). Wigglesworths poem is filled with passages so vividly described one can instantly feel emotions of confusion, desire, and a longing to be holy for fear of the consequences: From Judges ire, more hot than fire, for whom it may abide? No hiding place can from his face sinn ers at all conceal. Whose flaming eyes hid things doth spy, and darkest things reveal (Perkins 109). With only the devout Christians eligible to rule in this theocracy, striving for overall righteousness was a main goal. Even if one wasnt an ideal model of Puritan Christianity, Wigglesworth ends this masterpiece with the moral that everyone can be saved.Even while on the path to becoming righteous some Puritans showed signs of decay. Some became overly prideful, especially among those who became newly rich. There were also violations of the Sabbath, sins of sex and alcohol, and questions involving business morality. In these instances menacing words of these Puritan authors would prove to be beneficial, intimidating these sinners back into the life that they had abandoned and serving as a rehab for their souls.Whether the citizens of the Puritan era were coerced into being part of this movement by the intensity of the atmosphere, or by choice to better themselves, they were given ma ny great resources including these works to expand their knowledge of religion. The fear these stories instilled was a driving force for the extreme changes many of the Puritans made. The Day of Doom and Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God are as frightening as the backdrop against which they were placed.

Essay about Critique of Weltys A Worn Path - 2501 Words

â€Å"A Worn Path† by Eudora Welty, is the tale of an elderly black woman who shows an enormous amount of determination when it comes to helping her unceasingly ill grandson. Phoenix Jackson is the main character in Welty’s â€Å"A Worn Path.† Throughout the story, Miss Phoenix Jackson travels the same path every day overcoming whatever obstacles she encounters as she strives along the path in the contribution of her grandson’s health, for he is whom Phoenix habitually travels this â€Å"worn path.† Furthermore, the story must be noted for its simplicity, and vast metaphoric symbolism. Welty uses the path and its obstacles as a form of inspirational aura, one could even say the path is a mirrored image of the difficulties one endures throughout†¦show more content†¦Moving on, on a daily basis people all around the world travel the treacherous journey down life’s path, each individual grasping to hope and utter determination, in-turn battling to prevail over whatever obstacles stand in the path between them and their aspirations. Furthermore, Phoenix Jackson represents the notion that with hope, a cause, dedication to that cause, and finally good work ethic, any individual in spite of their physical and mental attributes, can conquer life’s obstacles, and successively prevail in reaching their ultimate goals. Welty depicts this notion through the main character, whom which despite the frequent immovable obstacles standing in her path, shows immense will p ower, high hopes, and sheer determination, which in essence, allows Phoenix to march onward despite life’s frequent difficulties. Difficulties like natural aging and the consequences which coincide, natural hindrances which are presented by ones surroundings, as well as a sociological barrier many may recognize as stereotyping. Throughout life every individual must confront the physical as well as the mental setbacks that result from aging. Moreover, the individual must succumb to these setbacks in order to ultimately prevail, conquering his or her primary aspirations. Furthermore, despite age, many individuals must keep trekking in order to provide for their families. As is the case in Welty’s â€Å"A WornShow MoreRelatedEudora Welty a Worn Path12166 Words   |  49 PagesA Worn Path by Eudora Welty Copyright Notice  ©1998−2002;  ©2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Gale and Design ® and Thomson Learning are trademarks used herein under license.  ©2007 eNotes.com LLC ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, Web distribution or information storageRead MoreEudora Welty a Worn Path12173 Words   |  49 PagesA Worn Path by Eudora Welty Copyright Notice  ©1998−2002;  ©2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Gale and Design ® and Thomson Learning are trademarks used herein under license.  ©2007 eNotes.com LLC ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, Web distribution or information storage